TM 5-3895-359-14&P
disassembled at the conclusion of the oil test period and
Zinc Content
inspected. The following oil performance parameters should
The zinc content (zinc diorganodithiophosphate)of all the
be compared:
lubricants recommended for use in Detroit Diesel 2-cycle
engines shall be a minimum of 0.07% by weight. This
Ring sticking tendencies and/or ring conditions
requirement is waived where single grade SAE 40,
Piston skirt scuffing and cylinder liner wear and
intermediate viscosity index lubricants qualified for use in
scuffing
Electro-Motive Division (EMD) diesel engines are used.
Exhaust valve face and seat deposits
Piston pin and connecting rod bushings
VISCOSITY GRADE AND OIL PERFORMANCE LEVEL
Overall valve train and bearing wear levels.
Single Grade SAE 40 & SAE 30 Lubrlcants
Single grade SAE 40 and SAE 30 grade lubricants are
USED LUBE OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAM
preferred and recommended for use in all Detroit Diesel 2-
A used lube oil analysis program should be conducted in
cycle engines provided they meet the sulfated ash and zinc
conjunction with the oil performance field test. In order to
content requirements indicated above and any of the oil
determine the condition of the lube oil that will prevail when
performance levels shown in Table L-1 EVIDENCE OF
subjected to various engine operational modes in specific
SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE (see section under this
service applications, it is recommended that frequent oil
title) is desired where new formulation SAE 40 or SAE 30 oils
samples be investigated.
This subject is more
will be used. Selection of the appropriate viscosity grade is
comprehensively addressed in the OIL CHANGES section
shown in Table L-2.
below.
Multigrade Lubricants
OIL CHANGES
Multigrade oils have not provided performance comparable to
Table L-4 shows the initial oil drain intervals for all Series 2-
SAE-40 or SAE-30 lubricants in some engine service
cycle engines used in the various service applications.
applications. Because of this experience, the use of 1 5W-40
and all other multigrade oils is not recommended for Series
Oil drain intervals in all service applications may be increased
149 engines, and restrained usage in Series 53, 71 and 92
or decreased with experience using a specific lubricant Detroit
engines is advised.
Diesel Allison recommends the use of a controlled, used lube
If the use of a 1 5W-40 multigrade oil in Series 53, 71 or 92
oil analysis monitoring program.
engines is being considered, it must meet the CD/SE oil
performance level shown in Table L-1. Table L-2 indicates
This is especially prudent when extended oil drain intervals
that 1 5W-40 multigrades may be selected when ambient
(e.g , 100,000 miles) are being considered. The frequency at
temperatures are at, or less than, freezing However, because
which used lube oil samples are obtained may be scheduled
our experience has disclosed that the performance of straight
for the same period as when other preventive maintenance is
grade oils has been superior to multigrade oils in some
conducted. For example, a used lube oil sample for analysis
service applications, Detroit Diesel recommends that the user
may be obtained every 10,000 miles when engines are
obtain proven service experience and evidence of satisfactory
brought in for fuel and coolant filter replacement Table L-5
performance supplied by the lube oil manufacturer or follow
shows the routine specific laboratory tests that are
the guidelines in the section entitled, "EVIDENCE OF
recommended. Sometimes further confirmatory tests are
SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE." Upon request, the Detroit
required, especially when fuel and/or coolant dilution is
Diesel Allison Regional Office will counsel with customers in
suspected. Table L-5 indicates the routine and confirmatory
selecting a lubricating oil that will be suitable for their specific
tests recommended. The lube oil should be drained if any of
needs
the maximum tolerable warning limits are exceeded.
Other Multigrade Oils
Detroit Diesel Allison does not recommend the use of 1 OW-
THE INFLUENCE OF DIESEL FUEL
30, 1 OW-40, 20W-40 or any other multigrade oils in 2-cycle
SULFUR CONTENT ON
engines. As previously indicated, 15W-40 oils are the only
LUBE OIL CHANGE INTERVALS
lubricants that should be considered if prolonged severe cold,
Table L-4 shows the reduced oil drain intervals that are
ambient temperatures, are expected.
recommended if the use of high sulfur fuel is unavoidable.
The use of diesel fuels having a sulfur content exceeding
EVIDENCE OF SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE
0.50% by weight can have a negative effect on piston ring life
It is recommended that evidence of satisfactory lubricant
and lube oil deposit levels.
For this reason, it is
performance in Detroit Diesel 2-cycle engines be obtained
recommended that oil drain intervals be drastically shortened
from the oil supplier prior to procurement. Controlled oil
to minimize the adverse effect of acid build-up in the lubricant.
performance evaluations in field test engines are
These relatively short oil drain intervals may be altered if a
recommended. The type of field test used by the oil supplier
lubricant with high alkaline reserve (i.e., high TBN ASTM D-
depends on the Series engine in which the candidate oil will
664) and low sulfated ash (i.e., less than 1.000% by weight
be used and the service application. This information is
ASTM D-874) can be obtained. Table L-5 indicates that the
summarized in Table L-3. The candidate test oil-operated
TBN of the used oil should never be less than 1.0 (ASTM D-
engines should all operate for the mileage/hours indicated.
664). If laboratory analysis reveals that the TBN is less than
Fuel and lube oil consumption should be monitored during the
1 0, this is an indication that the acceptable drain interval has
test period. Any serious mechanical problems experienced
been exceeded.
should be recorded. All of the oil test engines should be
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