TM 5-3895-359-14&P
to determine whether the properties conform with those
indicated in the FUEL OIL SELECTION CHART.
PROPOSED A8TM D.975, GRADE 3.D
The FUEL OIL SELECTION CHART also will serve as a guide
Detroit Diesel Allison does NOT recommend the use of
In the selection of the proper fuel for various applications.
proposed grade 3-D diesel fuel in any of its engines. This -
The fuels used must be clean, completely distilled, stable, and
trade of fuel has been proposed to, but not accepted by, the
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
non-corrosive. Distillation Flange, Cetane Number, Sulfur
The proposed grade 3-D is undesirable in that it possesses
Content, and Cloud Point are tour of this most Important
poor ignition quality (i.e., lower cetane), allows greater sulfur
properties at diesel fuels that must be controlled to insure
content (up to 0.70% by weight), allows the formation of more
satisfactory engine operation.
Engine speed, load, and
carbon deposits (Conradson car. bon residue), and allows the
ambient temperature all influence the selection of diesel fuels
blending of heavier, more viscous boiling point tractions that
with respect to distillation range and cetane number.
are difficult to burn. The latter tend to increase combustion
chamber deposits. This type of fuel usually manifests poor
All diesel fuels contain a certain amount of sulfur. Too high a
cold weather properties (wax formation tendencies). In addi-
sulfur content results in excessive cylinder wear. For most
tion, the poor ignition quality adversely affects noise and
satisfactory engine life, fuels containing less than 0.5% sulfur
emission levels.
should be used,
A comparison of ASTM D-975 grade 2-D and the proposed
During cold weather engine operation the cloud point (the
grade 3-D fuel properties is shown in the following table.
temperature at which wax crystals begin to form in diesel
suet) should be 10 (6 ) below the lowest expected fuel
F
C
COMPARISON OF ASTM D.975
temperature in order to prevent clogging of the fuel inters by
GRADE 2-D AND PROPOSED GRADE 3-D PROPERTIES
wax crystals.
A reputable fuel oil supplier is the only one who can assure
you that the fuel you receive meets the Distillation End Point,
Cetane Number, Sulfur Content and -Cloud Point property
limits shown in the FUEL OIL SELECTION CHART. The
responsibility for clean fuel and fuel that meets Detroit Diesel
Allison specifications lies with the rust supplier as wall as the
operator.
At temperatures below + 32. F (0 ) particular attention must
C
be given to cold weather starting aids for efficient engine
starting and operation.
NUMEROUS FUELS BURNED IN DDA ENGINES
Numerous fuels meeting the properties shown in the FUEL
USING DRAINED LUBE OIL
OIL SELECTION CHART may be used in Detroit Diesel
IN DIESEL FUEL
engines. The table (top, right) shows some of the alternate
fuels (some with sulfur and/or cetane limits) that have been
Detroit Diesel Allison does not recommend the use of drained
burned in Detroit Diesel) engines. Among these are No. 1
lubricating oil in diesel fuel. Furthermore, Detroit Diesel
and No. 2 diesel fuels, kerosene, aviation turbine Led fuels,
Allison will not be responsible for any detrimental effects
and burner fuels.
which it determines resulted from this practice.
FUELS BURNED IN DETROIT DIESEL ENGINES
BURNING MIXTURES OF ALCOHOL,
GASOLINE, GASOHOL OR DIESEL
WITH DIESEL FUEL
Alcohol, gasoline, gasohol, or diesohol should never be added
to diesel sue). An explosive and tire hazard exists it these
blends are mixed and/or burned. See DIESEL FUEL LINE
DE-ICER below.
DIESEL FUEL LINE DE-ICER
Very small amounts of isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol) may be
used to preclude fuel line freeze-up in winter months. No
more than ONE PINT of isopropyl alcohol should be added to
125 GALLONS of diesel fuel for ace. quote protection.
10-9-8
